What is clipping in audio?

Clipping in audio occurs when the signal level exceeds the maximum capacity of the audio system, causing distortion. This can happen when the volume is turned up too high or when the audio signal is being pushed too hard. Clipping typically results in a harsh, unpleasant sound characterized by a 'crackling' or 'buzzing' noise.

Clipping can occur at various stages in the audio signal chain, including during recording, mixing, and playback. It can also occur in both analog and digital audio systems. In digital audio, clipping occurs when the signal level exceeds the maximum value that can be represented by the system, resulting in a flat-topped waveform.

To prevent clipping, it is important to carefully monitor signal levels and avoid pushing the signal too hard. Using a limiter or compressor can also help prevent clipping by reducing the dynamic range of the signal. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the audio system has enough headroom to accommodate the peaks in the signal without clipping.